Transcribed by Michael Wester (wester@math.unm.edu)

                                   ARITHMETIC
                                    upon the
                        Inductive Method Of Instruction
                                     being
                                    A Sequel
                                       to
                            Intellectual Arithmetic.

                            By Warren Colburn, A. M.

                                    Boston:
                       Published By Hilliard, Gray & Co.
                                      1841

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		Tables of Coin, Weights, and Measures.

Denominations of Federal money as determined by an Act of Congress, Aug. 8,
1786.

	10 mills make	1 cent marked	c.
	10 cents	1 dime		d.
	10 dimes	1 dollar	$
	10 dollars	1 Eagle		E.

The coins of Federal money are two of gold, four of silver, and two of copper.
The gold coins are an eagle and half-eagle; the silver, a dollar, half-dollar,
double-dime, and dime; the copper, a cent and a half-cent.  The standard gold
and silver is eleven parts fine, and one part alloy.  The weight of fine gold
in the eagle is 246.268 grains; of fine silver in the dollar, 375.64 grains; of
copper in 100 cents, 2 1/4 lbs. avoirdupois.*

*The above are the coins which were at first contemplated, but the double-dime
has never been coined.  Twenty-five-cent pieces and half-dimes have been
coined.

		ENGLISH MONEY.

	 4 farthings make	1 penny d. value in U.S.	$0.019
	12 pence		1 shilling s.			  .228
	20 shillings		1 pound L.			4.4444
	21 shillings		1 guinea			4.6724

		FRENCH MONEY.

	100 centimes make 1 franc, value $.1875

		TROY WEIGHT.

	24 grains (gr.) make	1 penny-weight	dwt.
	20 dwt.			1 ounce		oz.
	12 oz.			1 pound		lb.

By this weight are weighed jewels, gold, silver, corn, bread, and liquors.

		APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT.

	20 grains (gr.) make	1 scruple	sc.
	 3 sc.			1 dram		dr. or 3
	 8 dr.			1 ounce		oz. or [3 with an extra loop]
	12 oz.			1 lb.

Apothecaries use this weight in compounding their medicines; but they buy and
sell their drugs by Avoirdupois weight.  Apothecaries' is the same as Troy,
having only some different divisions.

		AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.

	16 drams (dr.) make	1 ounce			oz.
	16 oz.			1 pound			lb.
	28 lbs.			1 quarter		qr.
	 4 qrs.			1 hundred-weight	cwt.
	20 cwt.			1 ton			T.

By this weight are weighed all things of a coarse and drossy nature; such as
butter, cheese, flesh, grocery wares, and all metals except gold and silver.

		DRY MEASURE.

	2 pints (pt.) make	1 quart			qt.
	8 qts.			1 peck			pk.
	4 pks.			1 bushel		bu.
	8 bu.			1 quarter		qr.

The diameter of a Winchester bushel is 18 1/2 inches, and its depth 8 inches.
---And one gallon by dry measure contains 268 4/5 cubic inches.

By this measure salt, lead ore, oysters, corn, and other dry goods are
measured.

		ALE OR BEER MEASURE.

	2 pints (pt.) make	1 quart			qt.
	4 qts.			1 gallon		gal.
	8 gals.			1 firkin of ale		fir.
	9 gals.			1 firkin of beer	fir.
	2 fir.			1 kilderkin		kil.
	2 kil.			1 barrel		bar.
	3 kil.			1 hogshead		hhd.
	3 bar.			1 butt			butt.

The ale gallon contains 282 cubic inches.  In London the ale firkin contains 8
gallons, and the beer firkin 9; other measures being in the same proportion.

		WINE MEASURE.

	 2 pints (pt.) make	1 quart			qt.
	 4 qts.			1 gallon		gal.
	42 gals.		1 tierce		tier.
	63 gals.		1 hogshead		hhd.
	84 gals.		1 puncheon		pun.
	 2 hhds.		1 pipe or butt		p. or b.
	 2 pipes		1 tun			T.
	18 gals.		1 runlet		run.
	31 1/2 gallons		1 barrel		bar.

The wine gallon contains 231 cubic inches.

By this measure brandy, spirits, perry, cider, mead, vinegar, and oil are
measured.

		CLOTH MEASURE.

	2 1/4 inches make	1 nail			nl.
	4 nls.			1 quarter		qr.
	4 qrs.			1 yard			yd.
	3 qrs.			1 ell Flemish		Ell Fl.
	5 qrs.			1 ell English		Ell Eng.
	5 qrs.			1 aune or ell French

The Frence aune is 42 inches.

		LONG MEASURE.

	  3 barley corns make	1 inch			in.
	 12 in.			1 foot			ft.
	  3 ft.			1 yard			yd.
	  5 1/2 yds.		1 pole or rod		pole
	 40 poles		1 furlong		fur.
	  8 fur.		1 mile			ml.
	  3 mls.		1 league		l.
	 60 geographical miles, or
	 69 1/5 statue miles	1 degree nearly, deg. or o
	360 degrees the circumference of the earth.

Also,	  4 inches make	1 hand
	  5 feet	1 geometrical pace
	  6 feet	1 fathom
	  6 points	1 line
	 12 lines	1 inch

		SQUARE MEASURE.

	144 inches make	1 foot				ft.
	  9 ft.		1 yard				yd.
	 30 1/4 yds. or
	272 1/4 ft.	1 pole, rod, or perch.
	 40 poles	1 rood.
	  4 roods	1 acre.

		CUBIC OR SOLID MEASURE.

	1728 inches make		1 foot		ft.
	  72 feet			1 yard.
	  40 feet of round timber, or
	  50 feet of hewn timber	1 ton or load.
	 128 solid feet			1 cord of wood.

		TIME.

	60 seconds make			1 minute	m.
	60 minutes			1 hour		h.
	24 hours			1 day		d.
	 7 days				1 week		w.
	 4 weeks			1 month
	13 months, 1 day, and 6 hours
		or 365 days, 6 hours	1 Julian year	Y.
	12 calendar months		1 year.

The true length of the solar year is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 min. 57 seconds.